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V-Belts

V-belts are power transmission belts with a trapezoidal (or V-shaped) cross-section. They are designed to fit into grooved pulleys, providing a high-friction grip that minimizes slippage and enables efficient power transfer between shafts. V-belts are widely used in various applications, including automotive engines, industrial machinery, and agricultural equipment.

Key characteristics of V-belts:

  • Trapezoidal Shape:

The V-shape of the belt allows it to wedge into the pulley groove, increasing friction and reducing slippage compared to flat belts. 

  • Material:

V-belts are typically made from a rubber compound reinforced with tensile cords (often made of polyester or aramid) to withstand tension and stress. 

  • Construction:

They can be wrapped (with a fabric cover) or raw-edge (with a notched or cogged bottom) for different applications and performance requirements. 

  • Applications:

V-belts are used to drive various components in engines (e.g., alternator, air conditioning compressor, water pump) and in a wide range of industrial and agricultural machinery. 

Advantages of V-belts:

  • High Efficiency:

V-belts offer high power transmission efficiency due to their design and grip. 

  • Reduced Slippage:

The wedging action of the belt in the pulley groove minimizes slippage, ensuring consistent power transfer. 

  • Cost-effective:

They are a relatively inexpensive and reliable solution for power transmission. 

  • Various types and sizes:

V-belts are available in different sizes and constructions to suit diverse applications. 

 

Types of V-belts:

  • Classical V-belts:

These are the most common type, classified by their dimensions Z, A, B, C, D. 

  • Narrow V-belts:

These belts are designed for higher power transmission and are classified as 3V, 5V, and 8V. 

  • Light-duty or Fractional Horsepower V-belts:

These belts are used in smaller applications and are classified as 3L, 4L, and 5L. 

  • Cogged or Raw-Edge V-belts:

These belts have notches or cogs on the bottom to improve flexibility and heat dissipation and are classified as AX, BX, CX, AVX.

  • Cogged or Raw-Edge Wedge belts:

Raw Edge Cogged Wedge Belts are high performance and are designated by letters standing for their cross-section, e.g. SPAX followed by a number e.g. 1600 which specifies the belts pitch length in mm. They are resistant to repeated flexing, thus suitable for compact drives with small pulley diameters and offer reduced weight & cost savings.

They are manufactured in the cross-sections SPZX (XPZ), SPAX (XPA), SPBX (XPB) and SPCX (XPC).

  • Hexagonal or Double Sided V-Belts:

Cross section hexagonal v-belts are flexible  in the direction of motion, rigid in transverse direction and designed for use in serpentine agricultural applications involving multiple pulley arrangements. These are classified as AA, BB, CC. 

  • Wedge Belts Wrapped:

Wrapped Wedge Belts are designated by letters standing for their cross-section, e.g. SPA followed by a number e.g. 1600 which specifies the belts pitch length in mm. Due to their high-power ratings savings can be made over classical V-Belts, smaller pulley diameters and reduced numbers of belts and be incorporated into more compact drives. Classified as SPZ, SPA, SPB, SPC. 

  • Banded V-belts:

These are multiple V-belts connected by a fabric strip for higher power transmission and stability. Available in 3V, 5V, 8V, A, B, C, SPZ, SPA, SPB, SPC banded.